movie running time : 3'
12'' place : Brugge,
Belgium architect
: Toyo Ito
Belgium is proud of Brugge
for having a lot of middle
antique architectures. Brugge
is the finest cultural city.
In 2002, UNESCO had selected
Brugge as the europe's cultural
city. In honor of this selection,
Brugge had prepared new
finest memorial pavilion
in front of the beautiful
palace on the Brug plaza.
This site had originally
had the small church that
was destructed in war. The
japanese architect, Toyo
Ito, had designed for new
memorial. I can assume that
his design with the traditionally
Brugge's land history. His
design is simple. This pavilion
is the type of bridge on
the swallow lake that has
the 11.5 meters diameters.
This radius means the the
Brugge's characters. Brugge
had been constructed on
the water. There are a lot
of small bridges and beautiful
canals. And then, Toyo Ito
had set the u-shaped roof
of the bridge on the this
small artificial lake. The
lake's form is a circular.
When I had visited there
first time in 2003. Many
small red and yellow fishes
were playing in a lake.
Now not any more. In america,
There are many U-Shaped
roof over the bridge made
by wood. Toyo had used the
aluminium materials that
are perforated like a honeycomb.
You can see many hearts
symbols on the roof and
walls. I think that this
hearts are the secret of
the structure in this pavilion.
The height of pavilion is
4m, and the length is 6.3m.
When you jump in this space
like a children, You can
see a small vibration and
wave on the lake. I felt
the very bright and clear
spaces even though the architect
had said this has the blurring
architecture.
movie running time : 4'
47'' place : london,
England architect : David
Marks & Julia
Barfield
If The Eiffel Tower is
for Paris, the Empire State
building for New York, London
can get their pride themselves
in London Eye. London Eye
is one of the greatest millennium
projects in 2000. In some
distance from it, You can
feel it like a great wheel.
The height is 135m, the
radius by 122m, the total
weight of it is 640t. The
main material is Carbon
Steel. The each capsule
for the people is made of
the steel, glass, and aluminium.
Especially, These capsule
has the separate air-conditioner.
The capsule is made of 8m
by 4m that can accept the
15 persons. The time of
sightseeing is 30 min.
movie running time : 3'
28'' place : berlin,
Germany
Whenever I think about the Berlin Wall, I feel something hard to say. Berlin
wall had been constructed
in 1961 with concrete, and
demolished in 1989 by the
people's hands. Since that,
There had happened many
cases in Berlin Wall.
Somebody had used the berlin
wall for their diploma.
And somebody had used for
auction. The day 11, December
2003. One of the remaining
berlin wall's 10 sections
had been sold to the public
through the auction. What
happens to the Berlin wall?
After the demolish of the
wall, the diverse graffiti had
appeared on the remaining
berlin wall. Some things
are infamous, Some things
famous. At any rate, The
people had started to perceive
remaing berlin wall being
worth the money. If you
think the victims of this
wall, all of these things
are very stupid business.
As a korean, I felt the
deep sadness in this wall.
This film about the
EAST SIDE GALLERY. This
wall near the center of
Berlin with the 1.3km long
section. Approximately more
than 100 artists har participated
in painting this wall. They
had said that these arts
will represent the freedom.
So sorry. To my eyesight.
These are just Graffiti
that should not be.
movie running time : 2'
54'' place : barcelona
, Spain architect : Calatrava
Oh Barcelona! I
can remember well the Barcelona
Olympics. In 1992, The most
showy object was this Barcelona
Olympic Torch Tower. The
architect, Calatrava had
won the competition of Montjuic communication Tower.
Maybe, his elect was so inevitable result.
To these day, This Tower
still stands on the hill
of Montjuic. The height
of tower is 136m. Even though
the tower made by steel
concrete structure, The
tower itself gives to me
the sense of some sculpture.
Santiago Calatrava was born
in Benimámet Valencia,
Spain 1954. He is engineer
as well as architect. I
think he know how to control
the materials. The people
say that he is second Gaudi
for Spain. This film includes
the main stadium and masterplan.
movie running time : 4'
11'' place : paris, France architect
: Gustave Eiffel
When I said to the architect
Rem Koolhaas that "
It is very difficult for
me to find out the beauty
in your architecture."
He responded to me that
" I am not responsible
for your mentality about
the beauty." I
am sure that he shall not
reach the position of Gustave
Eiffel.
Compare with Rem Koolhaas'
response, Let's see the
newspaper " Le Temps ".
In February 1887, The
newspaper " Le Temps"
had a lot of discourse about
the beauty. At that time,
Paris had prepared the World's
Fair. The most hot issue
was the Eiffel Tower's construction.
Charles Gounod had
said as follows.
"We come, we writers, painters, sculptors, architects, lovers of
the beauty of Paris which was until now intact, to protest with all our strength
and all our indignation, in the name of the underestimated taste of the French,
in the name of French art and history under threat, against the erection in the
very heart of our capital, of the useless and monstrous Eiffel Tower, which
popular ill-feeling, so often an arbiter of good sense and justice, has already
christened the Tower of Babel. (...) Is the City of Paris any longer to
associate itself with the baroque and mercantile fancies of a builder of
machines, thereby making itself irreparably ugly and bringing dishonour ?
(...) " - by Charles Gounod
In addition to
Charles Gounod's
protest, Many artists
and journalists had
protested. It names
The "Protest against the Tower of Monsieur Eiffel", published in the newspaper
Le Temps. The subscription are : hurling insults like "this truly tragic street lamp" (Léon Bloy), "this belfry
skeleton" (Paul Verlaine), "this mast of iron gymnasium apparatus, incomplete,
confused and deformed" (François Coppée), "this high and skinny pyramid of iron
ladders, this giant ungainly skeleton upon a base that looks built to carry a
colossal monument of Cyclops, but which just peters out into a ridiculous thin
shape like a factory chimney" (Maupassant), "a half-built factory pipe, a
carcass waiting to be fleshed out with freestone or brick, a funnel-shaped
grill, a hole-riddled suppository" (Joris-Karl Huysmans).
Now,
Let's look at the response
of Gustave Eiffel.
"For my part I believe that the Tower will possess its own
beauty. Are we to believe that because one is an engineer, one is not
preoccupied by beauty in one's constructions, or that one does not seek to
create elegance as well as solidity and durability ? Is it not true that the
very conditions which give strength also conform to the hidden rules of harmony
? (...) Now to what phenomenon did I have to give primary concern in designing
the Tower ? It was wind resistance. Well then ! I hold that the curvature of the
monument's four outer edges, which is as mathematical calculation dictated it
should be (...) will give a great impression of strength and beauty, for it will
reveal to the eyes of the observer the boldness of the design as a whole.
Likewise the many empty spaces built into the very elements of construction will
clearly display the constant concern not to submit any unnecessary surfaces to
the violent action of hurricanes, which could threaten the stability of the
edifice. Moreover there is an attraction in the colossal, and a singular delight
to which ordinary theories of art are scarcely applicable".
In an interview in the newspaper Le Temps of February 14 1887, Eiffel gave a
reply to the artists' protest, neatly summing up his artistic doctrine.
What a wonderful response!
At any rate, Once the Tower
had been completed, The
Tower had itself born
all protests. Since that,
The Eiffel Tower has been
the icon and masterpiece
of the paris. With the invention
of the light, Even though
the night, The Tower didn't
discover its beauty. Rather,
The more brilliant beauty
is shown for the public.
It is a great success.
The Eiffel Tower was
the tallest structure in
the world until 1930, when
New York's Chrysler building
surpassed it. Its construction
began in 1887 and was completed
in 1889. Nearly, Fifty tons
of paint are used every
5 years to repaint the Tower
since 1889. From 2003, New
lighting system have been
prepared for the Tower.
The total number of steel
are 18,038. and The number
of rivets are 2,500,000.
Normally, After the World's
Fair, Every constructions
are demolished, But The
Eiffel Tower was too attractive
to be demolished.
movie running time : 4'
11'' place : roma, Italy architect
: Giuseppe Sacconi
The great panorama of
Roma starts from the Monument
a Vittorio Emanuele II in
the Venezia Plaza. This
architecture can assemble
a little diverse and different
antique remains that are
the Colosseum, the Roman
Forum, and Campidoglio plaza
and so on. In front of them
this architecture has a
dignified white marble beauty.
In the late 19c, Italy had
finished a long decentralization city-state.
There are very important
persons like a backbone.
The major activists are
Giuseppe Mazzini, Garibaldi,
and Vittorio Emanuele. Giuseppe Mazzini
had supported Vittorio Emanuele
II as a first king of Italy.
This means the unification
of Italy. In honor of this
new world, The new empire
had prepared this architecture.
Giuseppe Sacconi (1854~1905)
won the competition to design
this monument architecture
in 1884. Unfortunately,
He could not see the completion
of this architecture, died
in 1905. Because of the
complex cases for the new
Empire, This architecture
could be constructed in
1895, and completed in 1935.
The width of the front facade
is 135m, The height is 70m.
After World War I, Mussolini
had made Tomb of the Unknown
Soldier in this architecture
with an eternal flame. Since
that, This monument architecture
has got the new name of
Altar to Fatherland. Today,
A lot of significant and
important events are be
held in this architecture.
The Pantheon from the Greek, means "Temple of all the gods". This building was
built as a temple to the seven gods of the seven planets in the ancient rome.
Now, this word, pantheon can be generically applied to a monument. In the
aftermath of the Battle of Actium (31 BC), Agrippa built and dedicated the
original Pantheon during his third consulship (27 BC). In front of the facade,
there are the text of the original inscription "M·AGRIPPA·L·F·COS·TERTIVM·FECIT
" , it means that "Marcus Agrippa, son of Lucius, three times consul made it ".
Since Roma's christianization, The Pantheon has modified to cathedral that
has the Tombs of Raphael, Vittorio Emanuele II and so on. The architecture is
circular with a portico of three ranks of huge granite Corinthian columns under
a pediment opening into the rotunda. There are the granite corinthian 16 pillars
supporting the Greek porch on the huge circular plan. Its vault has the height
and diameter of 43.4 meters, and each other, 1:1 ratio. The interior of the roof
was probably intended to symbolize the arched vault of the heavens. The Great
Eye at the dome's apex is the source of all light and is symbolic of the sun.
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